An Integrated MCDM Model for Sustainable Course Planning: An Empirical Case Study in Accounting Education

As an essential element of higher education, course planning at the program level is a complicated multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) problem. In addition, process tailored to sustainable development exceptionally important sustaining quality academic programs. However, there scarcity research on problem operational due diverse set stakeholder requirements in practice. Motivated by challenge, this study proposes innovative MCDM model for based He-Xie management theory. introduced framework, best worst method (BWM) can obtain optimal weights sustainability competencies, which are then embedded into fuzzy filter ranking (FFR) generate candidate courses each module, considering connectivity between and competencies. Finally, multi-choice goal programming (MCGP) adopted allocate selected semester, aiming balance total credits average difficulty among semesters as much possible. The practicability reliability proposed validated through case undergraduate accounting program. Results show that framework feasible tool planning. This extends existing literature explicitly capturing nature human avoids underestimation decision. implications paper not restricted developing plan